@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:wght@400;500;600;700;800&family=Manrope:wght@400;500;600;700;800&family=Noto+Kufi+Arabic:wght@400;500;600;700;800&family=Noto+Naskh+Arabic:wght@400;500;600;700&display=swap');
:root{--navy:#0b1f3b;--blue:#1769aa;--sky:#4cb3ff;--paper:#f6f9fd;--muted:#64758b;--line:#dce8f3;--white:#fff}
*,*:before,*:after{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:110px}body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--navy);font-family:'DM Sans','Noto Kufi Arabic',sans-serif;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}html[lang=ar] body{font-family:'Noto Kufi Arabic',sans-serif}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}button,input{font:inherit}button{cursor:pointer}img,svg{max-width:100%}button:focus-visible,a:focus-visible,input:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--sky);outline-offset:3px}p{margin-top:0}.wrap{width:min(100% - 72px,1240px);margin-inline:auto}.site-header{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:60;background:rgba(255,255,255,.96);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);backdrop-filter:blur(14px)}.header-inner{min-height:85px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:25px}.logo{display:flex;align-items:center;flex-shrink:0}.logo img{display:block;width:194px;height:64px;object-fit:contain;object-position:left center}html[dir=rtl] .logo img{object-position:right center}.top-nav{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:30px}.top-nav>a{font-size:13px;font-weight:800;white-space:nowrap}.top-nav>a:hover{color:var(--blue)}.language-pick{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:3px;background:#edf4fa;padding:4px;border:1px solid #d9e6f3}.language-pick button{border:0;background:transparent;padding:10px;color:#516b84;font-size:12px;font-weight:800;min-height:39px;min-width:38px}.language-pick button.selected{background:var(--navy);color:white}.hamburger{display:none;background:transparent;border:0;padding:10px;color:var(--navy);min-width:44px;min-height:44px}
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.blog-main{padding-top:94px;padding-bottom:90px}.section-heading{display:flex;align-items:end;justify-content:space-between;gap:35px}.section-kicker{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:2px;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:800;color:var(--blue);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px}.small-blue-bar{display:block;width:23px;height:3px;background:var(--sky)}.section-heading h2{font:800 clamp(1.8rem,3vw,3.2rem)/1.32 'Manrope','Noto Kufi Arabic';margin:16px 0 0;letter-spacing:-1px}html[lang=ar] .section-heading h2{line-height:1.7;letter-spacing:0}.search-bar{flex:0 0 290px;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;border-bottom:2px solid #9fb7cc;padding:12px 2px;color:var(--blue)}.search-bar:focus-within{border-color:var(--blue)}.search-bar input{border:0;background:transparent;outline:0;width:100%;min-width:0;color:var(--navy);font-size:14px}.search-bar input::placeholder{color:#748499}.category-menu{margin:38px 0 44px;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px}.category-menu button{padding:11px 16px;min-height:42px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--line);color:#546e86;font-size:11px;font-weight:800;transition:.2s}.category-menu button:hover{border-color:var(--blue);color:var(--blue)}.category-menu button.active{background:var(--navy);color:white;border-color:var(--navy)}.articles-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));column-gap:26px;row-gap:52px}.article-card{background:var(--white);display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-width:0;border:1px solid #e3ebf3;transition:transform .2s,box-shadow .2s;overflow:hidden}.article-card:hover{transform:translateY(-5px);box-shadow:0 16px 35px rgba(8,34,60,.09)}.article-card .topic-art{margin:12px 12px 0}.article-card .card-meta{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;color:#3975a0;font-size:10px;font-weight:800;margin:25px 22px 0;line-height:1.6}.card-meta span:last-child{color:#94aec3;white-space:nowrap}.article-card h3{font:800 20px/1.62 'Manrope','Noto Kufi Arabic';letter-spacing:-.35px;margin:14px 22px 11px}.article-card p{font-size:13px;line-height:1.9;color:#65798a;margin:0 22px 26px;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:3;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden}.card-end{margin:auto 22px 0;padding:15px 0 18px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);font-size:11px;font-weight:700;color:#73889b}.card-end>span:first-child{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:6px}.circle-arrow{width:34px;height:34px;background:#eaf4fe;display:grid;place-items:center;border-radius:50%;color:var(--blue)}.no-results{text-align:center;padding:50px 20px;color:var(--muted);border:1px dashed #aac5df}.newsletter-less{margin-top:90px;padding:30px 36px;border-top:3px solid var(--blue);background:#eaf4fc;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:20px}.newsletter-less svg{color:var(--blue);flex:none}.newsletter-less strong{font-size:17px}.newsletter-less p{margin:7px 0 0;color:#627b91;line-height:1.8;font-size:13px}
.article-hero{color:white;background:linear-gradient(115deg,#091c34,#0b355b);padding:40px 0 72px;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.article-hero:after{content:"";pointer-events:none;position:absolute;inset:0;background-image:radial-gradient(circle at 92% 25%,#1769aa55,transparent 45%)}.article-hero>.wrap{position:relative;z-index:1}.back-link{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;font-size:12px;font-weight:800;color:#a7dcfa;min-height:44px}.back-link svg{transform:rotate(180deg)}html[dir=rtl] .back-link svg{transform:none}.article-hero-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.65fr) minmax(230px,.55fr);gap:65px;align-items:center;margin-top:32px}.eyebrow-accent{color:#75cbfa;font-size:11px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:1.5px}.article-hero h1{font:800 clamp(2.2rem,4vw,3.9rem)/1.32 'Manrope','Noto Kufi Arabic';letter-spacing:-1px;margin:23px 0}.article-hero p{font-size:16px;line-height:1.95;color:#c4d9e8;max-width:770px}.article-hero-grid>.topic-art{max-width:330px;height:305px;background:transparent;border:1px solid #4b7692}.article-hero-grid .topic-art .art-gateway{height:265px;width:215px;bottom:0;border-color:#68b9e9;border-radius:130px 130px 0 0}.article-hero-grid .topic-art .art-gateway:before{border-color:#68b9e9}.article-hero-grid .topic-art .art-gateway-inner{color:#7fc9fa}.article-hero-controls{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:25px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:30px;color:#a5bdd2;font-size:12px}.article-hero-controls>span{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px}.share-btn{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;background:none;color:#b5dbf0;border:1px solid #477895;padding:11px 18px;font-size:12px}.article-body-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:240px minmax(0,760px);gap:76px;padding-top:76px;padding-bottom:100px}.toc{align-self:start;position:sticky;top:118px;border-top:3px solid var(--blue);padding-top:18px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px}.toc>div{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:1.5px;font-weight:900;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--blue);margin-bottom:14px}.toc a{font-size:12px;line-height:1.7;padding:8px 10px;color:#61748a;border-inline-start:2px solid transparent}.toc a:hover{color:var(--blue);border-color:var(--sky);background:#eaf5ff}.article-reading{min-width:0}.article-reading>section{scroll-margin-top:120px;margin:0 0 64px}.section-index{font:800 10px 'Manrope',sans-serif;letter-spacing:2px;color:var(--blue)}.article-reading h2{font:800 clamp(1.55rem,2vw,2.15rem)/1.5 'Manrope','Noto Kufi Arabic';margin:15px 0 25px}.article-reading p,.article-reading li{font:400 16px/2.1 'DM Sans','Noto Naskh Arabic',serif;color:#2c4256}.article-reading ul,.article-reading ol{padding-inline-start:24px}.article-reading li{margin-bottom:14px;padding-inline-start:8px}.article-reading li::marker{color:var(--blue);font-weight:800}.sources{border-top:2px solid var(--navy);padding-top:32px}.sources ul{list-style:none;padding:0}.sources li{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:10px 0}.sources a{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px;color:var(--blue);font-size:13px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.7}.sources a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.sources svg{flex:none}.disclaimer{margin-top:35px;background:#e8f1fb;padding:20px;color:#425e73;font-size:12px;line-height:1.95;display:flex;align-items:start;gap:14px}.disclaimer svg{flex:none;color:var(--blue)}.related-section{padding-bottom:90px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:56px}.related-section h2{margin:0 0 35px;font-size:27px}.about-page{min-height:62vh;padding-top:130px;padding-bottom:130px}.about-page h1{font:800 clamp(2.7rem,5vw,5.2rem)/1.3 'Manrope','Noto Kufi Arabic';max-width:900px}.about-page>p{max-width:780px;font-size:19px;line-height:2;color:#546d83}.about-seal{display:inline-flex;gap:12px;align-items:center;color:var(--blue);border:1px solid var(--line);padding:20px 26px;margin-top:24px;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:1px}.not-found{padding-top:130px;padding-bottom:170px;text-align:center;min-height:65vh}.not-found>div{font-size:12px;letter-spacing:2px;color:var(--blue);font-weight:800}.not-found h1{font-size:48px}.not-found p{color:var(--muted)}.not-found a{display:inline-block;background:var(--blue);color:white;padding:15px 24px;margin-top:25px}.site-footer{background:#06172d;color:#e3f0fb}.footer-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.3fr 1fr;gap:100px;padding-top:72px;padding-bottom:72px}.footer-logo{display:inline-block;background:#fff;padding:8px 12px}.footer-logo img{height:50px;width:160px;object-fit:contain;display:block}.site-footer h3{color:#72c8fa;margin:24px 0 14px;font-size:21px}.site-footer p{font-size:12px;line-height:2;color:#9db6cb;max-width:520px}.footer-kicker{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:2px;color:#70c9fa;font-weight:800;margin-bottom:22px;text-transform:uppercase}.copyright{margin-top:30px}
@media(max-width:1000px){.hero-inner{grid-template-columns:1.35fr .65fr;gap:3%}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(2.5rem,4.4vw,4.6rem)}.article-body-layout{grid-template-columns:195px minmax(0,1fr);gap:40px}.articles-grid{gap:18px;row-gap:35px}.article-card h3{font-size:17px}.article-card p{font-size:12px}.article-hero-grid{gap:25px}.top-nav{gap:15px}}
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@media(max-width:440px){.articles-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.article-card .topic-art{height:185px;margin:10px 10px 0}.article-card .art-gateway{width:145px;height:163px}.article-card .art-gateway-inner svg{width:55px}.article-card h3{font-size:19px;margin-inline:18px}.article-card p{font-size:13px;margin-inline:18px}.article-card .card-meta{margin-inline:18px}.card-end{margin-inline:18px}.hero h1{font-size:2.4rem}html[lang=ar] .hero h1{font-size:2rem}.hero-bottom{font-size:7px}.footer-logo img{height:43px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*,*:before,*:after{transition:none!important;animation:none!important}}